Fly-frame



3 Sheets-Sheet 1..

' (No Model.)

0. WHITAKER.

FLY FRAME. No. 534,385. Patented Feb. 19, 1895.

INVENTOR- WITNESSES.

m: nouns PETERS 00 PHOYO-LIYHO" WASHINGTON n I:

(No Model.) v 3'Sheets-Sheet -2.

.0. WHITAKER.

FLY FRAME.

No. 534,385. Patented Feb. 19, 1895 WITNESSES INVEN'I'OFR 1n: uonmsvzvcns c0, PNDTOLIYNOY. WASHINGTON, u, c

G. WHITAKER.

FLY FRAME 3Shee1ps-Sheet 3.

(No Model.)

Patented Feb; '19, 1895;

'INVENTOR.

UNTTED STATES PATENT rrrcn.

OHANNING WHITAKER, OF TYNGSBOROUGH, ASSIGNOR TO THE LOWELL MACHINE SHOP,OF LOWELL, MASSACHUSETTS.

FLY-FRAME.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 534,385, dated February19, 1895.

Application filed October 10, 1893. Serial No. 487.767. (Nomodel) To allwhom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, OHANNING WHITAKER, a citizen of the United States,residing at Tyng. borough, in the county of Middlesex and CommonwealthofMassachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inFly- Frames, of which the following is a specifica-v tion, referencebeing had therein to the accompanying drawings.

My invention relates to fly-frames, and, more particularly, to thedevices which are employed in fly-frames for the purpose of rotating thebobbins and automatically varying the speed of the bobbins relatively tothat of the spindles and fliers in proportion as the bobbins fill withroving.

The invention consists in certain features ofimprovedconstruction, andin certain novel and improved combinations of parts, all-as first willbe described fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, and thenwill be particularly pointed out and clearly defined in the claims atthe close of this specification.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a view in rear elevation of sufficient of afly-frame to illustrate the connections and relations of my invention,the invention being represented as applied thereto. Fig. 2 is a viewmainly in rear elevation, but partly in vertical section, illustratingcertain parts to which the invention most directly relates. Fig. 3 isaviewin vertical section on line 33 of Fig. 2. Fig.4 is a View showingthe parts of Fig. 2 in section at a plane passing through the axes ofthe driving and planetary shafts, and at right angles to the plane ofthe section which is represented in Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a view in vertical section on line 5-5 of Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is a view in verticalsection on line 6-6 of Fig. 4. Fig. 7 is a view in vertical section online 7-7 of Fig. 6. Fig. '8 is a sectional view showing one of theenlarged journals of the planetary-shaft, its bearing, and the bearingsupport. Fig. 9 is a view on an enlarged scale of one of the enlargedend-journals of the planetary shaft and a portion of its bushing. Fig.10 isaview in section on line 101O of Fig. 8. Figs. 11 to 14: are viewsshowing modifications that are described hereinafter.

At 1 in the accompanying drawings, see

particularly Fig. 1, is shown the driving-shaft end of thedriving-shaft, 1, which pinion servesto transmit motion through theintermediate gear, 13, to the gear, 14, and thus to the shaft, 15, onwhich are made fast the gear, 14, and the top-cone, 16. The cone-belt,17, transmits motion from the top-cone, 16, to the bottom-cone, 18, itbeing shifted'along the said cones in the usual manner to vary the speedof rotation of the bottom-cone. The shaft, 19, of the bottom-cone, 18,has fast thereon the pinion, 20, which transmits motion through theintermediate gears, 21, to the sun-wheel, The sun-wheel, 22, rotatesaround the driving shaft, 1, and is made fast to the sunframe, 23.

Upon the driving-shaft, 1, are mounted the two gears, 24, 25, the formerof which is made fast upon the driving-shaft by means of theclamping-screw, 26, see Figs. 2 and 4, while the gear, 25, is free toturn upon the said shaft. See Fig. 4. g

The sun-frame, 23, has mounted thereon, at a suitable distance from thecenter, the planetary shaft, 27, and fast with the said shaft, 27, areplanetary gears, 28, 29, in mesh with the gears, 24 and 25,respectively. With the gear, 25, is connected the bobbin-gear, 30, seeFig. 4, and from the said gear, 30, motion is transmitted by theintermediate gearing, 31, to the gear, 32, fast on the bobbindrivingshaft, 33, on which are mounted bevel gears, 34, meshing withsimilar gears, 35, on the bobbin-carriers, 36.

Through the devices aforesaid, the bobbins,

37, and the spindles, 11, with the fliers, 111, are driven from theshaft, 1. The motion transmitted through the gearing, 5, 6, and 7,

whereas, as is well-known, the motion transmitted from thedriving-shaft, l, to the bobbin driving-shaft, 33, through the gearing,24, 28, 29, 25, 30, 31, 32, is caused to vary progressively, inproportion as the bobbins fill with roving, the variation occurring inconsequence of the cone-belt, 17, being shifted gradually along thecones, 16 and 18, and thereby causing an alteration of the speed ofrotation of the sun-wheel, 22, and of the sunframe, 23, carrying theplanetary shaft, 27, on which the planetary gears, 28 and 29, are :madefast.

The principles of the operation of the sun and planet type ofdifferential gearing shown in the drawings are well-known, and,therefore, the same do not need to be explained herein. The said sun andplanet gearing constitute essential features of what is known generallyas the compound of a fly-frame.

The forms of diiferential gearing or compounds heretofore proposed foruse in the bobbin-driving trains of mechanism contained in fly-frameshave been objectionable or defective in various important respects. Oneleading objection or disadvantage has been the cost of construction.This applies particularly in cases where} bevel gears are used, theserequiring to be cut. This is an expensive mode of making gears. Otherand exceedingly serious and troublesome objections or disadvantages arethe amount of power consumed in the working of the compounds whenconstructed as heretofore, the difficulty of keeping bearing surfacesproperly oiled, arising from the force with which they are pressedtogether, the great tendency to heat, and the excessive wear.

The improved form of ditferentialgearing or compound which I am about todescribe is simple and cheap in construction, and carefully madepractical tests show that it is durable, consumes only a slight amountof power in its working, is easily kept well oiled, does not heat, andhas slight tendency to wear.

In view of the expense incident to the use of bevel-gears, I usespur-gears, 24, 28, 29, and 25, as shown, in the construction of thecompound. Spur-gears have been used in the like connection heretofore,but the constructions containing such gears have been open to thevarious objections which have just been set forth. In a well -known formof compound built with spur-gears, the planetary shaft has been equippedat its opposite ends with spur-gears which mesh with similar gears fastwith the driving-shaft and bobbin gear, respectively, the intermediateportion of the planetary shaft being fitted to a long pipe bearingprovided on the sun-gear or sun-frame. This form has the merit ofcheapness and simplicity, but it is constructed upon faulty principles.The different stresses exerted upon the planetary shaft through the .thesaid over-hanging ends as to force the said ends laterally and tooccasion an exceedingly great lateral pressure upon the sides of thebearing for the planetary shaft, the pressurebeing against one side ofthe said bearing at points adjacent to oneend thereof, and against theopposite side at points adjacent to the other end of the bearing. Thistends to twist the planetary shaft askew of the driving-shaft and causesthe journal to contact with the bearings at two points, one near oneouter extremity of the long bearing and the other near the other outerextremity of the long bearing, instead of causing the journal to contactwith its bearing along a line extending the whole length thereof, as isthe casein my improved construction. The pressure concentrated at thetwo points forces out the oil from between the contacting surfaces, andcauses excessive friction with resulting heating and wearing. Inaccordance with the main features of my invention, I omit the said longpipe-bearing,and,instead of mounting the intermediate portion of theplanetary shaft in a bearing, I provide it with end-journals, 271, 271,see Fig. 4, which are fitted to bearings provided therefor adjacent tothe opposite ends of the sun-frame, 23, the spurgears, 28 and 29, whichare known as planetary gears, being located on the portion of saidplanetary shaft which is intermediate the said bearings, see also Fig.2, while the spur-gears, 2i and 25, with which the planetary gears, 28and 29, respectively mesh, are located adjacent to each other on thedriving-shaft, 1. By enabling the planetary gears, 28 and 29, to beplaced closely together at points intermediate the bearings for theplanetary shaft, 27, and the gears, 24 and 25, to be placed closelytogether upon the driving-shaft, this arrangement causes the practicalnullification of one, and almost the practical nullification of theother, of the opposite lateral stresses incident to the transmission ofpower through the said gears, the resultant stress acting in onedirection only, pressing both ends of the planetary shaft in the samedirection, and causing each journal of the planetary shaft to contactwith its bearing throughout the whole length thereof. It also locatesthe bearings for the planetary shaft in positions in which they mostadvantageously operate to resist the said stresses. The spur-gears, 28,29, may be applied to or fixed upon the planetary shaft, 27, in anypreferred manner. I have shown them keyed in place thereon in Figs. 4:and 5. The sunwheel, 22, and sun-frame, 23, are connected to turn inunison around the driving-shaft, 1. They may be formed integrally witheach other,as will be obvious, but I prefer to form them separately, asshown, and to connect the sun-wheel to the sun-frame in suitablevmanner.

Fig. 4. of the drawings shows the eye of the sun-wheel slipped upon thehub, 231, formed on one end of the sun-frame, the said sunwheel beingclamped to the said hub, 231, by a ICC - screw, 221,passing through apart of the sun- Wheel and taking bearing at its inner end upon thesurface of the hub, 231. The gears, 24 and 25, are formed with longsleeves, 241 and 251, respectively, fitting the exterior of thedriving-shaft, 1, and the sun-frame, 23, takes hearing upon the exteriorof these sleeves, at opposite sides of the gears, 24 and 25, as shownclearly in Fig. 4. The bobbin-gear, 30, is fitted upon the outer end ofsleeve, 251, at one side of the sun-frame, 23, as shown in Fig. 4, andis caused to turn therewith by means of a clamping-screw, 301, whichpasses through a portion of the said gear and takes hearing by its innerend upon the surface of the said sleeve.

For the purpose of applying oil to the contacting surfaces of thesleeve, 251, and the driving-shaft, 1, I form holes, 302, 252, throughthe hub of gear, 30, and the sleeve, 251, respectively, see Figs. 4, 6,and 7, these holes being arranged to match with each other, and on theinterior of the sleeve, 251, I provide an oil-containing groove, 253,leading lengthwise of the said sleeve. I provide an oil-hole coverconsisting of a partial ring, 303, formed of a band of elastic material.The said ring is fitted to a groove, 304, formed in theexterior of thehub of the bobbin-gear, 30, its tendency to contract'holding it therein,and it is provided on its under side with a pad, 305, of leather orother suitable material, and on its outer side with a button, 306, bymeans of which it may be moved to cover or uncover the oil-holes, thesaid pad and button being held to the partial ring by a rivet, 3061. Thelimits of the movements of the cover are determined by a pin, 307, withwhich the ends of the partial ring come in contact.

The bearings for the end-journals of the planetary shaft, 27, are inbushings, 31, 31, held in the opposite end-portions of the sunframe, 23,as shown best in Figs. 3, 4, and 8. These bushings are of aself-aligning character, each of them being formed with an enlargementextending around the same, intermediate its ends, the said enlargementbeing formed preferably as a portion of a sphere, see Figs. 4 and 8, andfitting the'concavityof a sectional ring, 2, within which ring thebushing is free to rock universally in a manner which enables it toadjust itself to the position of the planetary shaft,27. Exteriorly,

, the sectional ring, 32, is formed with an enlarged portion, 321,extending around the same, and when the ring is fitted to its seat inthe sun-frame, 23, this enlargement enters a groove formed in thesun-frame around the opening which is provided in the latter for thereceptionof the bushing. A screw, 33, is fitted to a threaded hole inthe sun-frame, see Figs. 3 and 8, its reduced end, 331, passing into ahole, 332, formed in the ring, 32. The

said screw serves to keep both parts of the sectional ring pressedtogether so as to inclose the bushing, and also to prevent the sectionalring from rotating. Preferably, the

said reduced end extends also into a hole, 311, made in the exterior ofthebushing, 31, in order to prevent the bushing from rotating with theplanetary shaft, this hole, 311, being elongated lengthwise of thebushing so that the pin shall not interfere with the rocking movementsof the bushing. Preferably, the end-journals, 27 1, 271, of theplanetary shaft, 27, are enlarged, or of greater diameter than adjacentportions of the said shaft, as shown clearly in Figs. 4 and 8. Upon thereduced or smaller portion of the shaft, 27, adjacent to each enlargedend-journal, 271, is applied a tapering collar, 34, which, either isthreaded exteriorly and is screwed into the interiorly threaded innerend of the bushing, 31, as shown in Fig. 8, or, is smooth exteriorly andis simply forced into the smooth inner end of the said bushing, asindicated in Fig. 11, and held therein by frictional contact. The innerend of the said collar forms a dam, 312, for the retention of thelubricant which is poured into the interior of the said bushing. Thesaid collar is in halves or sections as indicated in Figs. 2, 8, and 11,in order to facilitate its application to the planetary shaft, 27.

In some cases, I substitute for the one-piece bushing, 31, of Figs. 2,8, and 11, and its tapering collar, 34, made in halves or sections, thebushing, 31, of Figs. 12 and 13. This bushing is made in halves, thehalves contacting with each other on longitudinal joints which,preferably, are rabbeted, as shown in Fig. 13. The separate taperingcollar, 34, is dispensed with, and one-half of the dam, 312, is castupon each half of the bushing. I secure the halves of this bushingtogether, preferably, by the aid of hoops or collars, 313, 313, withtapering interiors, which are forced or screwed upon the correspondinglytapered exterior of the bushing.

In the outer end of thebushing, 31, whether made in one piece or more,is formed a central oil-hole, 35, through which the lubricant may be fedto the interior of the bushing. The outer end of each journal, 271, ofthe planetary shaft is separated slightly from the adjacent end of thechamber within the corresponding bushing, 31, by means of short radialprojections, 351, 351, which are formed on the said end of the chamber,as indicated in Figs. 8, 10, and 12. These projections hold the end ofthe journal far enough from the end wall of the bushing to facilitatethe introduction of the lubricant through the oilhole, 35, and to leavea space,-314, large enough to hold a considerable supply of thelubricant, as well as permit free flow thereof. Inconsequence of havingthese projections, 351, 351, provided in each of the bushings, 31, 31,the planetary shaft is prevented thereby from having any considerableendwise movement in either direction within the said bushings. Thelength of the chamber within each bushing is greater than that of theenlarged journal which is fitted therein, so that there ex-v ists at theinner end of each'bushing, between the inner end of the enlarged journaland the dam, 312, a space, 314, corresponding with that above describedwhich is secured at the other end of each bushing, this space betweenthe said dam and the inner end of the journal being maintained inconsequence of the fact that any considerable endwise movement of theplanetery shaft is prevented, as aforesaid. When the lubricant is fed tothe interior of a bushing, 31, it may be supplied until the space, 314:,at each end of the journal is filled with the lubricant nearly or quiteto the height of the dam, 312. The construction described provides areservoir for the lubricant having a circular dam at each end enablingit to hold a supply of the lubricant sufficient to keep the parts inproper running condition for a considerable period of timewithoutreplenishing. Theenlargedend-journal, 271, may have a somewhatloose fit in the bushing, 31, so that the exterior of the said journalcontacts with the interior of the bushing on a single line only, asindicated in Fig. 9, or, in cases where a somewhat loosely fittingbushing is objectionable, I may cut one or more channels, 315, 315, inthe bushing, see Fig. 14, extending the entire length of the bearing,and uniting the spaces, 31 1, 314, at the ends of the bushing. Thesegrooves vary in depth in the direction of their width, as indicated bythe cross-section which is represented in Fig. 14. For convenince indesignation I term them, in view of their form in the cross-section ofthe bushing, tapering channels. The sharp edges of the taperingcross-sections of the channels preferably are located not far from theso-called line of contact of the journal and its bearing. In both of theconstructions which are represented in Figs. 9 and 14: there exist,adjacent to the line of contact, spaces or channels tapering in theircross-section as seen in Figs. 9 and 14 filled with the lubricant andextending from end to end of the bushing, as shown. These facilitate thecirculation of the lubricant and the feeding of the lubricant at theline of contact.

Under satisfactory conditions of lubrication there is found, in allbearings receiving journals, a coating of the lubricant between thebearing surfaces of the so-called line of contact. The pressure of thejournal against its bearing tends to force the lubricant out frombetween these surfaces. \Vhen the pressure is sufficiently severe, itbrings the journal into actual contact with its bearing, metal againstmetal, and, in consequence, heating, excessive wear, and perhapsdestruction of the parts may ensue. Sometimes the supply of lubricant istoo meager, or is too long intermitted. In such cases, also, there mayensue heating, wear and destructive effects. The bearings which areshown and described herein fit their journals somewhat loosely or areprovided with channels with tapering cross-sections which extendpreferably throughout the length of the bearings.

They have spaces, 314, 314, at both ends of the journals communicatingwith the longitudinal spaces or channels of tapering cross-sectionadjacent to the lines of contact between the journals and the bearings,and they have dams at their opposite ends to retain the lubricant and toenable the journals to revolve constantly in pools of the latter. Suchbearings tend to insure an efficient lubrication of the bearingsurfaces. Not only do they do this under ordinary conditions, but theysecure ample lubrication of the said surfaces in cases when the pressurebetween the journal and its bearing is so great that the lubricant wouldbe forced out from be tween them, if an ordinary bearing were used, andwould escape at the ends of the said bear ing. The friction of thejournal with the lubricant tends to cause a flow of the lubricantcontinually through between the journal and its bearing at the so-calledline of contact, to elevate the upper surface of the lubricant on theside toward which the journal is running,

and to depress the upper surface on the opposite side, as is shown inFigs. 9 and 14. The lubricant returns to its original position bygravity, flowing along the ends of the journals through the spaces, 314,31 1-, existing at the said ends. \Vith such bearings and journals asare shown and described, the lubricant will be found between the journaland its bearing even when the journal is running with some'pressureswhich are severe enough to force the lubricant from between the bearingsurfaces when the journal is not in motion.

For convenience in assembling the parts, or removing the same forrepairs or inspection, the sun-frame is made in two parts which separateon a line passing diametrically through the driving-shaft, 1, andplanetary shaft, 27, these parts being held together by bolts, 272, 272,provided with nuts, 273, 273, and washers, 274, 274:. The side of thesunframe opposite to that in which the planetary shaft is mounted isenlarged, as shown, and

thereby made heavy enough to counterbalance the weight of the saidplanetary shaft and its appurtenances.

I do not lay broad claim herein to the combination with the planetaryshaft havingjour- 'nals at its ends, of the sun-frame, and selfaligningbushings applied to the sun-frame and receiving the said journals; norto such a combination embodyingself-aligning bushings fitting openingsin the sun-frame on narrow intermediate portions, for this is not of myinvention.

I claim as my inventi0n- 1. The combination with a shaft, and the gear30, of sleeved gears of which one is fast with the said shaft and theother has the gear 30 fast on the sleeve thereof, the sun-wheel, asunframe fitted on the sleeves of the said gears and rotating thereon inunison with the sun-wheel and also provided at opposite sides of suchgears with bearings for the end-jour- IIO substantially as described.

2. The combination with a shaft, and the gear 30, of sleeved gears oneof which is fast,

With the said shaft and the other has the gear fast on the sleevethereof, the sun-wheel, a sun-frame fitted ,on the sleeves of the saidgears and rotating thereon in unison with'the sun-wheel and provided atopposite sides of such gears with bearings for the end-journals of theplanetary shaft and also weighted to counterbalance the said planetaryshaft and the gears thereon, a planetary shaft having at its endsjournals which are received in the said bearings, and planetary gearsfast on the planetary shaft intermediate the said bearings, and meshingwith the gears aforesaid, substantially as described.

3. The combination with the driving-shaft, and the gear 30, of gearsfastwith the driving-shaft and gear 30, respectively, the sunwheel,variable speed devices whereby the sun-wheel is driven with varyingvelocity, a sun-frame rotating in unison with the sunwheel and providedat opposite sides of the gears aforesaid with bearings for theendjournals of the planetary shaft, a planetary shaft having at its endsjournals which are received in the said bearings; and planetary gearsfast on the planetary shaft intermediate the said bearings and meshingwith the gears aforesaid, substantially as described.

4. The combination with the driving-shaft, and the gear 30, of gearsfast with the driving-shaft and gear 30, respectively, the sunwheel,variable speed devices whereby the sun-wheel is driven with varyingvelocity, a sun-frame rotating in unison with the sunwheel and providedat opposite sides of the gears aforesaid with bearings for theendjournals of the planetary shaft and also weighted to counterbalancethe said planetary shaft and the gears thereon, a planetary shaft havingat its ends journals which are received in the said bearings, andplanetary gears fast on the planetary shaft intermediate the saidbearings and meshing with the gears aforesaid, substantially asdescribed.

5. The combination with the driving-shaft, the top-cone, means forrotating the top-cone from the driving-shaft, the cone-belt, the bot-.

tom-cone, the sun-wheel, means for rotating the sun-wheel from thebottom-cone, the sunframe rotating in unison with the sun-wheel, aplanetary shaft having at its ends journals mounted in bearings inthesaid sun-frame, planetary gears fast on the planetary shaft intermediatethe said bearings, the bobbingear, gears fast with the driving-shaft andbobbin-gear respectively and in mesh with the said planetary gears, andbobbin operating devices driven from the said bobbin-gear, substantiallyas described.

6. The combination with the driving-shaft, the top-cone, means forrotating the topcone from-the driving-shaft, the cone-belt,the-botto1n-cone, the sun-wheel, means for rotating the sun-wheel fromthe bottom-cone, the sunfranie rotating in unison with the sun-wheel, aplanetary shaft having at its ends journals mounted in hearings in thesaid sun-frame,

planetary gears fast on the planetary shaft intermediate the saidbearings, the bobbingear, sleeved gears in mesh with the planetary gearsand ofwhich one is fast with the driving shaft and the other has thebobbingear fast on the sleeve thereof the said sunframe rotating on thesleeves of the said gears, and bobbin operating devices driven from thesaid bobbin-gear, substantially as described.

7. Thec-ombination with a sun-frame, of a planetary-shaft havingjournals at opposite sidesof the planetary-gears, planetary gears faston the planetary-shaft, self-aligning bearings carried by the sun-frameand receiving the said journals, and gears in train with saidplanetary-gears, substantially as described.

8. The combination with a sun-frame, of the planetary-shaft havingenlarged journals at opposite sides of the planetary-gears,planetary-gears fast on the planetary-shaft, bushings carried by thesun-frame and each provided at opposite ends of the journal receivedtherein with dams for the retention of a lubricant, and'gears in trainwith said plan etary-gears, substantially as described. I

9. The combination with a sun-frame, of the planetary-shaft havingenlarged journals at opposite sides of the planetary-gears,planetary-gears fast on the planetary-shaft, self- .aligning bushingscarried by the sun-frame and each provided at opposite ends of thejournal received therein with dams for the retention of a lubricant, andgears in train with said planetary-gears, substantially as described.

10. The combination With a sun-frame, of the planetary-shaft havingenlarged journals at opposite sides of the planetary-gears,planetary-gears fast on the planetary-shaft, bushings providedexteriorly with spherical enlargements extending around the same fittedto concaved supports on' the sun-frame and provided interiorly with damsat the opposite ends of the journals received therein, and gears intrain with said planetary-gears, substantially as described.

11. The combination'with a sun-frame, of the planetary-shaft havingenlarged journals at opposite sides of the planetary-gears,planetary-gears fast on the planetary-shaft, bushings providedexteriorly with spherical enlargements extending around the same andprovided interiorly with dams at the opposite IIO ends of the journalsreceived therein, sec-- tional rings having concaved interiors fittingthe said spherical enlargements and supporting the bushings on thesun-frame, and gears in train with-said planetary-gears, substantiallyas described. 7

12. The combination with a sun-frame, of

the planetary-shaft having enlarged journals at opposite sides of theplanetary-gears, planetary-gears fast on the planetary-shatt,bushingscarried by the sun-frame and each provided at opposite ends of thejournal received therein with dams for the retention of a lilbricant,the dam at the inner end of each bushing consisting of a collar fittedinto such end and the dam at the outer end thereof consisting of theclosed end of the bushing, the said end having a central oil-hole andprojections for holding the end of the journal away from the dam, andgears in train with said planetarygears, substantially as described.

13. The combination with a sun-frame, of the planetary-shaft havingenlarged journals at opposite sides of the planetary-gears,planetary-gears fast on the planetary-shaft, bushings carried by thesun-frame each provided at opposite ends of the j ournal receivedtherein with dams for the retention of a lubricant and also presentingspaces or channels of tapering cross-section extending from end to endof the bushing adjacent to the line of contact with the journal wherebyto secure circulation of the lubricant and eflicient lubrication, andgears in train with said planetary-gears, substantially as described.

14. The combination with a sun-frame, of the planetary-shat t havingenlarged journals at opposite sides of the planetary-gears,planetary-gears fast on the planetary-shaft, bushings providedexteriorly with spherical enlargenients extending around the same andfitted to concaved supports on the sun-frame and provided interiorlywith dams at the opposite ends of the journals received therein and alsopresenting spaces or channels of tapering cross-section extending fromend to end of the bushing adjacent to the line of contact with thejournal whereby to secure circulation of the lubricant and eflicientlubrication, and gears in train with said planetary-gears, substantiallyas described.

the bushing adjacent to the line of contact with the journal whereby tosecure circulation of the lubricant and eificient lubrication, sectionalrings having concaved interiors fitting the said spherical enlargementsand supporting the bushings on the sun-frame, and gears in train withsaid planetary-gears, substantially as described.

16. The combination with'a sun-frame, of the planetary-shat t havingenlarged journals at opposite sides of the planetary-gears,planetary-gears fast on the planetary-shaft, bushings carried by thesun-frame and each provided at opposite ends of the journal receivedtherein with dams for the retention of a Inbricant, the dam at the innerend of each bushing consisting of a collar fitted into such end and thedam at the outer end thereof consisting of the closed end of thebushing, the said end having a central oil-hole and projections forholding the end of the journal away from the dam, each bushing alsopresenting spaces or channels of tapering cross-section extending fromend, to end of the bushing adjacent to the line of contact with thejournal whereby to secure circulation of the lubricant and efficientlubrication, and gears in train with said planetary-gears, substantiallyas described.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in the presence of twowitnesses.

CHANNING WHITAKER.

Witnesses:

MARY OAVERLY, SAML. G. STEPHENS.

